THE TUBE HADIS STUDY ABOUT MONOPOLY IN BUSINESS ECONOMY Nurhadi Islamic College ( STAI )

Islam is a comprehensive religion that encapsulates all human life including economic activities. Economic and business activities may not or are prohibited from monopolizing goods that are needed by society. In this study will examine the prohibition of monopoly in the Al-Tis'ah polar hadith book. So the result was that the researchers found hadiths related to business monopoly as many as 49 hadiths in the nine, namely Bukhari No. 1319, 2532, 2558, 2565, 2570, 6695, Muslim No. 2790, 3012, 3013, Abu Daud No. 1727, 2990, Tirmizi No. 1188, 2136, 2137, 3353, 3438, Ibn Majah No. 1777, 2144, 2145, 2146, 2464, Ahmad No. 130, 3481, 4379, 4648, 4932, 7217, 7886, 7946, 8263, 8998, 11619, 12313, 12424, 12491, 12705, 12952, 12967, 13124, 13438, 13561, 12967, 13124, 13438, 13561, 15201, 20288, 20478, 20497, 20511, 20548 and AlDarimi No. 2431, 2432. Bukhari Hadith No. 1319 is in the Book: Zakat, Chapter: Assets That Have Been Issued by Zakat Are Not Considered As Hoarding Treasure, No. Hadith: 1319. Muslim Hadith No. 2790 is in the Book: Buying and selling, Chapter: A ban on someone doing a sale and purchase transaction on another person's transaction, No. Hadith: 2790. Hadith Abu Daud No. 2990 is in the Book: Buying and selling, Chapter: Prohibition to hoard, No. Hadith: 2990. Hadith Tirmizi No. 1188 is in the Book: Buying and selling, Chapter: Hoarding, No. Hadith: 1188. Hadith Ibn Majah No. 2464 is in the Book: Laws, Chapters: Muslims unite in three things, No. Hadith: 2464. Hadith Ahmad No. 130 in the Book: Musnad ten friends guaranteed to enter heaven, Chapter: The beginning of the musnad of Umar bin Al-Khatthab Ra, No. Hadith: 130. Hadith Al-Darimi No. 2431 is in the Book: The book of buying and selling, Chapter: Prohibition of hoarding, No. Hadith: 2431.


Introduction
Islam is a comprehensive religion that encompasses all human life including economic activities.
The complete implementation of Islam will bring mercy to all the natural world including humans who carry out economic activities (Boy Syamsul, 2011: 48-49).Economic activities that are carried out in a healthy manner are competing that is the essence of economic muamalah in syar'i.But sometimes the feeling of greed and thamak of business economic actors does not violate the principle of togetherness and economic justice.When viewed from the history of Islam in the fifth century AD the business community and economists in the city of Mecca already knew monopoly.At that time rapid economic development in Mecca did not produce welfare for its people.This is due to the power of certain groups (businessmen and economists) who accumulate food so that prices become high.Such behavior is referred to as ihtikar (monopoly) (Mahmood Ibrahim, 1982: 347).The emergence of Islam in the seventh century AD, monopolistic behavior was specifically prohibited, as contained in verse 25 of the sura al-Hajj as follows: ‫َذ‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يم‬ ِ ‫ل‬ َ ‫أ‬ Meaning: Verily those who disbelieve and hinder people from the path of Allah and the Holy Mosque that We have made for all humans, both those who live there and in the desert and who intends to commit evil wrongfully, we will surely feel to him painful punishment (Indonesian Ministry of Religion, 2015: 515).
Said ath-Thobari in his interpretation: "What is meant to do evil in it is to do a food monopoly in Mecca" (Imam al-Tabari, t: th: 131).Also surah al-Hashar verse 7 which means "that the treasure should not only rotate among the rich in your family as well".The above verse is corroborated by the hadith which means "There is no man doing ihtikar unless he sins" (HR. Muslim No. 3012, 3012, Abu Dawud No. 2990, andirmidhi No. 1188).Through the above verses and hadiths, so that in detail find the traditions about monopoly or ihtikar in the pole of al-Tis'ah which is the main reference after the al-quran.So in this research paper will discuss the text of the Prophet's hadith in the matter.

Economic and Business Theory
Business activities (business) can not be separated from the activities of production, buying, selling, and the exchange of goods and services that involve people or companies (Sadono Sukirno, 2007: 365;Muhandis Natadiwirya, 2009).Activities in business generally have a goal of generating profits for survival and collecting enough funds for the  Fuad et al, 2001: 1;Muhammad Said, 2008).Business is all activities carried out by someone or more organized in seeking profit through the provision of products needed by the community (Francis Tantri, 2010: 4).Economics is a human activity that deals with production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services (Ismail Solihin, 2008: 27).Economics in general or specifically the rules of the household or household management (Ministry of National Education, 2002: 854).
Economics is also said to be a science that explains ways to produce, distribute, share and use goods and services in society so that the material needs of the community can be fulfilled as well as possible (Murti Sumarni, 2000: 77).Economic activities in the community are regulating the affairs of wealth both concerning ownership, development and distribution (M.Sholahuddin, 2008: 3).Economics is all that concerns matters relating to life in the household of course what is meant and in its development the word household is not just referring to one family consisting of husband, wife and children, but also a wider household namely the national, state and world households (Iskandar Putong, 2011: 1;Mawardi, 2009: 6-7).
Increased value added through the process of handing over services, trading or processing of goods (production) (Muhammad and Alimin, 2007: 56).According to Skinner, as quoted by Marliani and Muhammad and Yusanto, business is the exchange of goods, services, or money that is mutually beneficial or beneficial (Yusanto and Karebet, 2003: 15;M. Manullang, 2004: 8).Another opinion, business is an organization that carries out production activities and sales of goods or services desired by consumers to gain profit (Marliani, et al, 2013;Muhammad and Alimin, 2007: 56-57;Muslich, 2010: 46).Whereas Islamic business is a series of business activities in various forms that are not limited to the amount of ownership of property (goods / services) including profit, but limited in how to obtain it and use its property due to halal and haram rules (Muhammad and Alimin, 2007: 57;Marliani, et al, 2013;Norvadewi, 2015).

2.2.
The Subjective restrictions originate from the internal orientation of individuals, so that state coercion is not needed.This first limitation is the generosity of Muslim individuals towards their community.The second limitation, is muamalah, which prohibits economic activities such as riba and ihtikar (monopoly).Against the second limitation requires state intervention (Arvie Johan, 2014: 5); and 3).Social justice.The solidarity of others is emphasized in Islamic law, which is realized through the instruments of zakat, infaq, and shadaqah.The treatment of social justice is similar to subjective restrictions, namely that state coercion is not needed (Chibli Mallat, 2004: 114-115;Arvie Johan, 2014: 5).
Economic activity will run well if there is no monopoly in its circulation.Monopoly is a problem that is a major concern in every discussion of the establishment of business competition law (Eka Junila Saragih, 2017: 269).The monopoly in Arabic is known as "al-Ihtikar" (Eka Junila Saragih, 2017: 268), that is, language is to store food, as for terms: "Someone buys food when the price is high for sale, but he does not sell it to at that time, he instead hoarded to sell it at a higher price.(Imam Nawawi, t.: 219;Yusuf Qardhawi, 1997: 321).
The four schools of thought differ in defining monopolies.For example Mahzab Maliki defines monopoly as the behavior of hoarding goods to gain profit when prices rise, but hoarding food is not included (Arvie Johan, 2014: 5).Meanwhile, according to Mahzab Hanafi, monopoly is the act of buying food from the market or neighbors and holding it for 40 days to wait for prices to rise.Furthermore Mahzab Syafi'i believes that monopoly is buying food when people need it and sell it again at a higher price.Finally, the Mahabab Hambali declared a monopoly as the purchase of goods that are needed by the community, resulting in losses to other buyers or the community (Musaed N. Alotaibi, 2011: 37-38).
According to Al-Robi by considering the opinions of the four schools above, as quoted by Arvie John directs attention to the three main elements (Arvie Johan, 2014: 6) in monopoly, namely: 1).Monopolistic properties can be indicated from the objectives and consequences of these behaviors; 2).The goods are needed by the community, so that the absence of choice, both quality and price, results in losses to the community; and 3).The purpose of monopoly is to buy goods from the market and hold them so as to create scarcity (Arvie Johan, 2014: 6;Musaed N. Alotaibi, 2011: 38).
The prohibition of monopoly in the economy adheres to several concepts in the view of Islamic law.The first concept is maslahah, which essentially uses a profit-loss approach.The second concept, saddu zara'i, is blocking the road that carries something that is prohibited and brings damage.The third concept is ta'assuf fi al-Isti'mal al-haq, namely abuse of rights (Arvie Johan, 2014: 7).The fourth concept, namely maqasid alsharia, is that the ultimate goal of the formulation of Islamic law reaches the welfare of mankind.The fifth concept is qawa'id fiqhiyyah, is a unification of several laws that each part has a close relationship.The final concept, monotheism, is to devote ourselves only to God purely and consequently and to obey all obligations and to abstain from all the restrictions that He has set (Arvie Johan, 2014: 8).
On March 5, 1999 the Government of the Republic of Indonesia passed Law No. 5 of 1999, concerning the prohibition of Monopoly and Unfair Business Competition, and Article 1 states that Monopoly is: "Mastery of the production and or marketing of goods or for the use of certain services by an actor or a group of business actors" (Article 17, Article 1 letter c, Law No. 5 of 1999).

Methodology
This type of research includes qualitative research, because the nature of the data to be collected is qualitative in character (Lexy J Moleong, 2001: 11;Imam Suprayogo, 2002: 9;Bungin Burhan, 2004: 31).Therefore research data is naturalist using inductive logic and reporting is descriptive (Hadari Nawawi, 2009: 67;Dedy Mulyana, 2005: 27).This research focuses on library research (library research) or text study (Iskandar, 2010: 29;HB Sutopo, 2004: 17).So this research will focus more on the studies of the text, and include types of qualitative research (Hamidi, 2004: 13;Neong Muhajir, 1998: 17).Library research is conducted because the data sources, both primary resources and secondary resources, are all text (Muhammad Nazir, 1997: 58;Sugiyono, 2006: 21).In this case the source is the book mausu'ah al-Hadith al-Nabawiyah and the thematic (al-Mausu'ah digital sofwer).To research and find the hadith in this study, the researchers used the word monopoly, ahtikar and stockpiling goods.

International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) Peer Reviewed -International Journal Vol-2, Issue-4, 2018 (IJEBAR) ISSN: 2614-1280, http
table as follows: No No Hadith Narrator Title in the Book of Hadith Arabic Text of the Book of Hadith ://www.jurnal.stie-aas/ijebar

International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) Peer Reviewed -International Journal Vol-2, Issue-4, 2018 (IJEBAR) ISSN: 2614-1280, http
seen in the Bukhari Hadith No. 1319 in Sahih Bukhari, it will appear in the Book: Zakat, Chapter: Assets that have been Issued by Zakah Are Not Considered As Hoarding Treasure, No. Hadith: 1319.Seduce the Hadith 2790 in the Muslim Sahih book, it will appear in the Book: Buying and selling, Chapter: Prohibition of a person to do a sale and purchase transaction on ://www.jurnal.stie-aas/ijebaranother person's transaction, No. Hadith: 2790.Muslim Hadith No. 2790 above is supported by 19 traditions from several narrations.Whereas the Hadith 2990 in Abu Daud's Sahih Book, it will appear in the Book: Buying and selling, Chapter: Prohibition to do hoarding, No. Hadith: 2990.Hadith Abu Daud No. 2990 above is supported by 8 traditions from several narrations.Whereas the 1188 hadith in the Tirmizi Sahih book, it will appear in the Book: Buying and selling, Chapter: Hoarding, No. Hadith: 1188.Hadith Tirmizi No. 1188 above is supported by 8 traditions from several narrations.Whereas the 2464 hadith in Ibn Majah's saheeh book, it will appear in the Book: Laws, Chapters: Muslims unite in three things, No. Hadith: 2464.While the hadith 130 in the Sahih book of Ahmad, it will appear in the Book: Musnad ten friends guaranteed to enter heaven, Chapter: The beginning of the musnad of Umar bin Al Khatthab Radliyahu 'anhu, No. Hadith: 130. Hadith Ahmad No. 130 above is supported by 1 hadith from another history.While the hadith 2431 in the Al-Darimi saheeh book, it will appear in the Book: The Book of buying and selling, Chapter: Prohibition of hoarding, No. Hadith: 2431.Hadith Al-Darimi No. 2431 above is supported by 10 traditions from other narrations