IDENTIFICATION AND PLANNING OF POVERTY AREAS INPALEMBANG CITY

: This study aims to identify, describe and analyze the Poverty Area Mapping of Palembang City. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with explanatory research type, with the number of informants as many as 100 people determined randomly. Data collection techniques in this study were using documentation, observation, questionnaires, interviews, and literature study.The results of the study prove that (1) There has been uneven and inappropriate assistance provided by the Government/Regional Government (Province, Regency/City) in poverty alleviation in Palembang City; (2) Unavailability of up to date data regarding the number of poor people in Palembang City; (3) Poverty Alleviation Programs that are under the regional structure and characteristics of the people of Palembang City, namely programs that are oriented or based on human resource development; (4) The need for a pilot project focused on as a pilot program for poverty alleviation that is oriented to human resource development.


Introduction
Land fires are natural disasters or phenomena that have occurred in the last three years in Palembang. This has an impact on increasing the number of poor people in the city of Palembang. Various existing health prevention programs, in the form of direct cash assistance (BLT), development, and other assistance have been declared ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and map areas as well as programs that are effective in reducing poverty levels in the city of Palembang. Based on table 1, the highest population of Palembang City was in 2015 with a Poverty Number of 20,312 People, the most poverty in Palembang City is a problem that has not been resolved until now, (Ezkirianto & Alexandi, 2013) even in 2019 there will be an increase in the number of poor people (Ranis, 2004), if not quickly addressed, of course (Alvarez et al., 2015), This poverty problem will continue to grow and become a serious problem. The problem of poverty in Palembang City has increased from the previous year, (Zahara et al., 2018) although in previous years there was a decline, this indicates that there is no stability and no significant increase in poverty reduction (Yustini, 2018). Therefore, it is very important to formulate a formulation or regional regulation that can overcome this problem.
The debate about the effectiveness of economic recovery, according to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), reported that there had been a decline in the poverty rate in 1998 -2005. In 2002, it was reported that there had been a 4.2% reduction in poverty both in urban areas and 14.2% in rural areas since 1984 (Suryahadi et al., 2006). The problem of poverty is a problem for all countries in the world so that efforts to overcome it need to be carried out in a global context (Kadir & Amalia, 2016). The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have succeeded in reducing the world's poor population by almost half (Sachs, 2012), (Oleribe & Taylor-Robinson, 2016). Furthermore, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) still place poverty alleviation (no poverty) as the main goal (Pangkiro, 2016). This shows that poverty alleviation efforts in any form and dimension are the commitments of all countries in the world, including Indonesia (Dussault et al., 2016). (Syahril, 2014) National poverty reduction efforts have been carried out since the beginning of independence with various approaches and policies. As mandated by the constitution for the creation of a just and prosperous society (Jinping, 2017), the development programs that have been implemented have always given great attention to poverty alleviation (Shah & Saurabh, 2015). In line with that, the development that occurs in the city of Palembang also aims to improve the welfare of the people of Palembang. The Poverty Line is a representation of the minimum amount of rupiah needed to meet the minimum basic needs of food which is equivalent to 2,100 kilocalories per capita per day and nonfood basic needs. People who have an average consumption expenditure per capita per month below the poverty line are categorized as poor. The locus and focus of this study are in the Palembang City area, and the results of this study are expected to be one of the input materials in the formulation of poverty reduction policies in Palembang City.

Research Methods
This type of research is survey research using quantitative research methods. Using this type of survey research with in data collection the author collects information from the respondents using a questionnaire as the main method (Patten, 2016). We combined literature study, interview, questioner, observation and focus group discussion (FGD) with three methods are: presentation, in-depth interview and participation. The participants from the Palembang city government agency of southeast Sumatera province, district/city government agencies in Palembang city, southeast Sumatera province, higher education, associations and Business actors related in southeast Sumatera Province.
Data collection using questionnairesF GD with participatory methods. In conducting the FGD the researcher used a participatory method, namely by gathering relevant stakeholders in a coordination meeting which would then produce inputs and formulations. The process of identifying strategic issues can be seen in Figure 3.

Figure 3.Identification Process of Strategic Issues
Data analysis techniques were used in this study namely spatial analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis. Spatial analysis is based on mapping the poverty areas in Southeast Sumatera Province to answer the first research objective. While the data from the interviews were analyzed descriptively to answer the second and third research objectives.
Poverty measurement refers to the concept applied by BPS, namely using the Poverty Line (GK) model. So people who have an average per capita expenditure per month below the poverty Determination of space limits of issue

Results and Discussion
Source: survey results Figure 4. Type of work Based on figure 4,it can be seen that 65.1% of responses have full-time jobs, 14% as a part timer, 12.8% as a freelancer and as many as 8.1% work as odd job.
Source: survey results Figure 5. Working time of the week Based on figure 5, it can be seen that 52.3% of respondents stated that they worked more than 35 hours / week, 20.9% of respondents said they worked for 35 hours/week and 26.7% of respondents stated to work less than 35 hours/week. Source: survey results Figure 6. Residential Area Based on Figure 6, it can be seen that 22.1% of respondents live in Plaju District, 14% of respondents live in IB1 District, 9.3% of respondents live in Sako District, 9.3% of respondents live in Sukarami, and 9.3% of respondents live in Kertapati 8.1%, respondents living in Ilir Timur 2 as much as 7%, respondents living in Jakabaring 7%, respondents living in Seberang Ulu 2 as many as 7%, respondents living in Kalidoni 4.7%, respondents living in Bukit Kecil 3 ,5%, respondents domiciled in Seberang Ulu 1 as many as 2.3%, respondents domiciled in Alang-alang Lebar 2.3%, respondents domiciled in Gandus 1.2%, respondents domiciled in Ilir Timur1 as many as 1.2%, and respondents domiciled in Kemuning 1.2%.   Table 3, the comparison of the poor population and the total poor population in the city of Palembang, experienced a significant change, influenced by population growth, resulting in the number of poor people also increasing.  Based on Figure 7, analysis of the District/City Economic Growth and Poverty Quadrants in South Sumatra in 2019, divided into 4 groups. The grouping of districts/cities in South Sumatra based on Economic Growth and Poverty figures is used a Cartesian diagram which distinguishes districts/cities into four quadrants. Quadrant 1 is a group of districts/cities with high economic growth values and low poverty. Those included in quadrant I are Palembang City, Prabumulih City, Lubuk Linggau City, Muara Enim Regency, East OKU Regency, and OKU Regency. Quadrant II is an area that is included in the high economic growth group, but also has high poverty. Namely Lahat Regency, Musi Rawas Regency and PALI Regency. Quadrant III is a group of districts/cities with low economic growth and low poverty, namely Pagar Alam, Empat Lawang, Banyuasin and South OKU. Quadrant IV is a group of districts/cities with low economic growth and high poverty, namely OKI, Musi Banyuasin, Ogan Ilir and Muratara. Based on the figure above, a Cartesian diagram is used to classify districts/cities in South Sumatra based on the level of poverty and inequality. Quadrant I is a group of districts/cities with high poverty scores and low inequality. Source: survey results Figure 9. Main Causes of Poverty in Palembang Based on figure 9, it can be seen that respondents confirmed that 80.2% of the causes of poverty in Palembang City were due to the economy, 9.3% stated that it was because of regulations/policies that did not yet exist related to poverty so that the prevention program was not maximized, as much as 3.5% stated that it was because of socio-cultural , as much as 3.5% said it was because of politics, as much as 2.3% because of education, and as much as 1.2% said it was because of low education..

Figure 10. Palembang City Poverty Reduction Program
Based on Figure 10, it can be seen that 56.6% of respondents stated that the Poverty reduction program in Palembang City was not on target, 22.4% of respondents stated that the assistance provided was not in accordance with their needs, and 21.2% of respondents stated that there was no follow-up to the program..

Conclusion and Suggestion Conclusion
The following are some conclusions from this research: 1) Uneven distribution and incompatibility of assistance provided by the Government/Regional Government (Province, Regency/City) in alleviating poverty in Palembang City; 2) Unavailability of up to date data regarding the number of poor people in Palembang City; 3) Poverty Alleviation Programs that are under the regional structure and characteristics of the people of Palembang City, namely programs that are oriented or based on human resource development; 4) The need for a pilot project focused as a pilot of poverty alleviation programs that are oriented to human resource development;

Suggestion
Suggestions from this research: 1) Carry out further identification and mapping to all sub-districts in Palembang City; 2) It is necessary to draw up a Regional Regulation related to the Management of the Poverty Alleviation Program for the City of Palembang; 3) It is necessary to draw up a Regional Regulation related to the Master Plan for the Management of the Palembang City Poverty Program; 4) There is a need for an independent institution to implement and monitor the Palembang City Poverty Program; 5) It is necessary to have a pilot project location for the poverty alleviation program of Palembang City which is oriented towards human resource development;