WASTE MANAGEMENT DURING A PANDEMIC (CASE STUDY: STUDENT OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS FACULTY DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY AND TADULAKO UNIVERSITY)

: Many actions were done by students online during the Covid-19 pandemic. This activity generates waste as well. The aim of this paper is to learn more about how students dealt with waste during the pandemic. The research was conducted using descriptive analysis. Samples were taken purposively by students of the Economics and Business Faculty Diponegoro University and students of the Economics and Business Faculty Tadulako University. According to the findings of the study, the majority of students who responded do not appropriately manage waste. This situation requires attention since students can be agents of change for the better in order to ensure the sustainability of the environment.

percent of consumers using online applications can help them adapt to new habits and stay productive during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to research results from the Demographic Institute of FEB UI.
In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, students are also motivated to be productive. Students, in general, do not shop online just to fulfill their desires, but also to have fun and sustain their lifestyle (Minanda, Roslan and Anggraini, 2018). However, as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic's construction of social separation, internet shopping became a feasible. Food shopping over the internet is the most common pastime. This is in accordance with research conducted by Przezbórska-Skobiej and Wiza (2021). These online food purchases have even become food waste in their homes. As many as 80% of students produce food waste. Li, Mirosa and Bremer (2021) stated that during the Covid-19 pandemic, waste generation increased and waste management was less than optimal, thus disturbing the environment. The aim of this paper is to analyze how students handled waste throughout the pandemic.

Literature Review
Household waste According to Law no. 18/2008 concerning Waste Management, household waste is waste that comes from daily activities in the household, excluding feces and specific waste. Based on data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia in 2021, this household waste dominates the source of waste generation by 40.7%.
Organic and anorganic waste can both be found in household waste. Organic waste such as kitchen waste decomposes quickly, whereas anorganic waste such as plastic, cardboard, paper, metal, wood, glass, and other materials decompose slowly (Damanhuri and Padmi, 2010). Data from the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN) -Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) of the Republic of Indonesia, states that the composition of waste in 2021 consists of 39.9% organic waste and 60.1% inorganic waste. The majority of organic waste is in the form of food waste, which is 27.2%, while the majority of inorganic waste is in the form of plastic waste, which is 15.1%.

Waste management
According to Damanhuri and Padmi (2010), waste management is the overall handling of waste so that the waste does not interfere with health, aesthetics, and the environment. The handling includes how to move it from the source, process it, and recycle it again. According to Law no. 18/2008 waste management is a systematic, comprehensive and sustainable activity that includes waste reduction and handling. In Presidential Decree No. 97 of 2017 concerning national policies and strategies for the management of household waste and similar household waste contains policy directions, strategies, targets, and programs for reducing and handling household waste and similar household waste. Policy Directions include: 1. Waste reduction includes limiting generation, recycling, and reuse. 2. Waste sorting includes sorting, collection, transportation, processing, and final processing. Waste Reduction Strategy, including: 1. Preparation of norms, standards, procedures, and criteria. 2. Strengthening coordination and cooperation between the Central Government and Regional Governments.
During the pandemic, the majority of pupils stayed with their parents in their hometowns. Because of the pandemic, the Teaching and Learning Process is conducted online, and students opt to return to their separate areas of origin, as directed by the government. This is in line with the findings of Barrot, Llienares, and Rosario (2021), who looked into online learning for Filipino students.

Figure 1 Online Studying Locations
Source: primary data (processed) WHO recommends studying from home to break the cycle of the Corona virus's transmission. Schools have been temporarily closed due to the virus's highly contagious nature. Despite the Covid pandemic, teaching and learning activities can take place even with different media.

Discussion
Students boost the size of their meals by purchasing food online to support student activities while studying online. The frequency of food purchases made by students can be explained in the following figure.

Figure 2. Frequency of Students Buying Food Online during a Pandemic
Source: primary data (processed) Eating is the majority of activities students do while studying online. This is in accordance with Larasati's research (2020) which examines the consumption patterns of students in Bandung. The reason students often buy food is to support their learning 70% 22% 8% parent house boarding house 2% 16% 82% every day twice a day every 3-5 days activities. Figure 2 shows that students buy food online every 3-5 days. According to research conducted by the FEB UI Demographic Institute, one of the online services that customers frequently utilize during a pandemic is go food, which has a 65 percent usage rate. It appears that these pupils generate waste as a result of their actions. Food and non-food waste account for the majority of the waste. Plastic waste, cardboard, and styrofoam are examples of non-food waste used to wrap food. Anorganic waste is waste that is no longer used and is difficult to decompose. Anorganic waste is made of a material that is difficult to disintegrate and will be buried in the ground for an extended period of time, causing soil layer harm. Figure 3.

Types of Waste Disposal by Students When Learning Online
Source: primary data (processed) Humans generate waste as a result of their activities. Figure 3 depicts how students leave food waste and packaging when they buy food as a result of their activities. Plastic, cardboard, and Styrofoam are types of inorganic packaging waste. According to data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, inorganic waste in Indonesia increased throughout the pandemic. Plastic waste has also surged over the world as a result of the pandemic (Suryarandika, 2021).
The waste generated from the respondent's activities, was not managed properly. Figure  4 below shows that the majority of respondents did not segregate their waste first.  According to Figure 5, the majority of students dump their waste into the trash without first sorting it, and some students discard their waste carelessly. Based on the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) Indonesian Health Ministry, the majority of households in Indonesia manage waste by burning it (49.5%), then 7.8% is dumped into rivers or streams and 5.9% of waste is dumped in any place. Only about 34.9% of households dispose of waste in its proper place and only 0.4% of households make compost from discarded waste.
This situation requires attention, because students are among the most educated individuals, and they are aware of the negative consequences of improper waste management, which will lead to future problems. The population's understanding of effective waste management, including that of students, must be raised. Although the population's education is sometimes adequate, the population's environmental awareness and participation are sometimes lacking (Kumar, 2016).

Conclusion
Student activities are carried out at home during the pandemic. At home, there are a variety of activities that generate waste. The waste generated as a result is not appropriately controlled. The majority of students do not separate their waste before throwing it away. As educated individuals, students should be more concerned about the environment. They have the ability to affect change in a variety of ways, including the proper disposal of waste. So that the environment is maintained sustainably and the ecosystem can be preserved in a long-term manner.

2%
1% burned throw it away in the water channel in any place