ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF RISK-BASED BANK RATING (RBBR) ON BANK HEALTH LEVEL: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CORE 4 CAPITAL BANK GROUP IN INDONESIA 2020-2024

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Earnings, and Capital on the level of bank health based on Risk-Based Bank Rating (RBBR) in Core Capital Bank Group 4 (KBMI 4) in Indonesia for the period 2020–2024. This study uses a quantitative approach with a comparative and longitudinal causal design through panel data regression analysis. The research objects consist of PT Bank Central Asia Tbk, PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk, PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, and PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, with secondary data in the form of quarterly financial reports totaling 80 observations. The independent variables in this study include Risk Profile measured through NPL and LDR, GCG through self assessment scores, Earnings through ROA and NIM, and Capital through CAR, while the dependent variable is the composite value of bank health level. The results show that Risk Profile and Capital do not significantly influence the composite level of bank health, while GCG and Earnings have a significant effect. GCG is the most dominant factor in determining the soundness of banks in KBMI 4. Simultaneously, Risk Profile, GCG, Earnings, and Capital significantly influence the composite score of bank soundness. This finding indicates that the soundness of KBMI 4 banks is determined more by the quality of governance and the ability to generate sustainable profits than by risk profile and capital adequacy separately. Therefore, bank management needs to strengthen GCG implementation, improve asset efficiency, maintain profitability, and continue to control risk and capital adequacy in accordance with regulatory requirements.

Keywords: ​Risk-Based Bank Rating, bank soundness, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, Capital, Risk Profile.