Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kemiskinan Per Provinsi Di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Islam

Abstract

Indonesia, which is a developing country, has a goal to achieve the welfare of the nation. These various goals come from the existence of problems, one of the problems that is still being faced by this country is poverty. Poverty has become a concern for all countries in the world, especially developing countries, therefore poverty alleviation is included in the global action plan that has been agreed upon by country leaders in the world, this project is known as the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). This study aims to determine the factors that influence poverty per province in Indonesia based on an Islamic perspective in 2020. This study uses cross-sectional data. The variables used in this study as factors that determine poverty alleviation are education, per capita income, employment, and zakat. The analytical tool used in this study is multiple regression OLS model with Eviews9 software. From the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that all variables in this study have a negative effect on poverty per province in Indonesia in 2020, but only the employment variable has a significant effect on poverty per province in Indonesia. Suggestions that can be taken from this research are that the government can improve the quality of education in Indonesia, including in provinces or remote areas that are difficult to reach, open up wider employment opportunities for the community, and collect zakat funds as much as possible to be managed by authorized institutions so that they can be distributed. equitably to all provinces in Indonesia. It is also hoped that the government can provide financing to the community in the form of waqf so that the poor can start their own businesses which can indirectly open new jobs. The Islamic instrument in this study is zakat, although zakat has no significant effect on poverty reduction, this happens because the distribution of zakat has not been carried out efficiently by official zakat collection institutions because people choose to directly give zakat to the poor and orphaned institutions. If decision makers use Islamic economic instruments as part of the provisions for alleviating poverty, the authors believe that Indonesia will be free from poverty.