Zakat Fitrah untuk Investasi Ternak Sapi: Tinjauan Hukum Islam dan Maqashid Syariah
Zakat al-Fitr for Cattle Farming Investment: A Review of Islamic Law and Maqashid Sharia
Keywords:
Islamic Law, investment, Maqashid sharia, Zakat al-fitrAbstract
This study critically examines the distribution of zakat al-fitr as business capital for cattle farming from the perspective of Islamic law and maqashid shariah. The main focus lies in the potential misalignment between the long-term productive use of zakat and the immediate, consumptive nature of zakat al-fitr, which must be distributed before the Eid prayer. Using a qualitative approach, this research applies textual analysis of Islamic legal sources and comparative fiqh to evaluate the practice. The findings reveal that while productive zakat may be valid for zakat mal, its application to zakat al-fitr contradicts the objective of thum’atan lil masakin (feeding the poor) and the principle of taʿjil (prompt distribution). Investment schemes like cattle farming require time to yield benefits, making them incompatible with the urgent spiritual and social function of zakat al-fitr. Therefore, the study concludes that such practice diverges from its maqashid and recommends zakat al-fitr be distributed in a consumable form to the needy on Eid day. This distinction is crucial for ensuring that zakat al-fitr fulfills its intended socio-spiritual role while empowering communities through other Islamic philanthropic instruments.
References
Alim, M. N. (2022). The Analysis of Minimum Distribution to Each Mustahik and Its Relevance to Zakat Al-Fitr Obligation to All Muslims. WARAQAT : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 7(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.51590/waraqat.v7i2.385
Alim, M. N. (2023). Intensifying Zakat Al-Fitr Payment with Rice Instead of Money: Aiming for Sustainable Socio-economic Growth. International Journal of Zakat, 8(Special), Article Special. https://doi.org/10.37706/ijaz.v8i2.460
Aljzaary, A. B. J. (2007). Minhaj Al-Muslim (Muslim Platform). Cairo: Darussalam. https://www.noor-book.com/en/ebook-%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85-pdf
Anis, M. (2020). Zakat Solusi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. El-Iqthisady : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah Dan Hukum, 2(1), Article 1 Juni. https://doi.org/10.24252/el-iqthisadi.v2i1.14074
Aziz, A. S., Subhan, S., & Adzkiya’, U. (2021). Analisis Hukum Islam Tentang Pendistribusian Zakat Fitrah oleh Takmir Masjid At-Taqwa Terhadap Gharim yang Hutangnya untuk Lembaga. Iqtisad: Reconstruction of justice and welfare for Indonesia, 8(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.31942/iq.v8i2.5615
Efendi, F., Hertasmaldi, S, Y., & Razak, D. A. (2023). Zakat Fitrah Sebagai Modal Usaha Ditinjau Dari Hukum Islam. ISME : Journal of Islamic Studies and Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.61683/isme.vol11.2023.7-13
Fadilah, N. (2020). Konsep Kesejahteraan Sosial dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam. Salimiya: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Keagamaan Islam, 1(1), 49–67. https://doi.org/10.58401/salimiya.v1i1.88
Fauziah, H., Hafidhuddin, D., & Tanjung, H. (2018). Analisis Maqashid Asy-Syariah Dalam Pengelolaan Zakat Oleh Negara. Kasaba: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 11(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.32832/kasaba.v11i2.2462
Hasan, Z. (2022). Perspektif Maqashid Al-Syariah tentang Pendayagunaan Dana Zakat untuk Membiayai Infrastruktur. Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Hukum Islam, 6(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.35316/istidlal.v6i2.441
Hidayat, R., F, F., & Sultan, L. (2023). Analisis Sumber Hukum Islam: Telaah Metode dan Perdebatan. Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(12), Article 12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441777
Madania, C. A., & H.r, M. N. (2016). Pemahaman Maqashid Syariah (Akal) Terhadap Kinerja Lembaga Zakat Yatim Mandiri Di Surabaya. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori Dan Terapan, 3(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol3iss20163pp187-202
Mahzan, M., & Ismail, I. (2023). Penetapan Waktu Wajib Zakat Fitrah Dalam Perspektif Fikih dan Ilmu Falak. Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy, 2(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.47766/astroislamica.v2i1.948
Musnandar, A., & Sutomo. (2022). Konsep dan Manajemen Zakat Dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif di Indonesia: Tinjauan Hukum Islam (Prinsip Maqasid al Syariah). Al-Mizan (e-Journal), 18(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.30603/am.v18i1.2605
PPID BAZNAS RI - Fatwa MUI. (t.t.). Diambil 7 Juni 2025, dari https://ppid.baznas.go.id/regulasi/fatwa-mui
Setiawan, I. (2019). Inovasi Penyaluran Dana Zakat pada Program Pemberdayaan di Lembaga Amil Zakat. Asy-Syari’ah, 21(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v21i1.4334
Tambunan, J., & Muhardinata, I. (2023). Maqashid Sharia Analysis of Community Perceptions in Determining Zakat Fitrah Recipients. Al-Fikru: Jurnal Ilmiah, 17(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.51672/alfikru.v17i2.271
Zein, A. S. (2020). Strategi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Mustahik Melalui Pendistribusian Zakat Produktif. Al-Masharif: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Keislaman, 8(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.24952/masharif.v8i2.3356
Zulhendra, J. (2017). Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Zakat Fitrah Dalam Bentuk Uang. Normative Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 5(2 November), Article 2 November.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
The copyright of the article fully belongs to the Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam and publishing rights belong entirely to LPPM STIE AAS Surakarta
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
