Determinan Sosio-ekonomi Partisipasi Kerja Muslimah di Indonesia

Abstract

The Female Labor Force Participation Rate (FLFPR) in Indonesia remains substantially lower than that of males, despite the continuous increase in the Female Net Enrollment Rate. This condition indicates the presence of other factors, such as socio-economic factors that influence women’s decisions, including those of Muslim women, to participate in the labor market. This study utilizes data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2007 and 2014 and applies a fixed-effects logistic regression approach. The findings indicate that religiosity does not have a statistically significant effect on Muslim women’s labor force participation, suggesting that religious commitment is not a primary determinant of Muslim women’s employment decisions. In contrast, economic status has a positive and significant effect., higher economic status exhibit a greater probability of participating in the labor market, while those in the lowest economic groups face structural barriers, particularly limited opportunities for human capital development. Married Muslim women tend to have a lower probability of employment due to increased domestic responsibilities. Divorced Muslim women demonstrate a higher likelihood of labor force participation as a response to economic pressure. Meanwhile, widowed Muslim women do not show a significant increase in labor force participation. Control variables such as age and education have a significant effect, whereas place of residence and number of children do not exhibit a statistically significant effect on labor force participation.